Surfactant‐Inspired Coassembly Strategy to Integrate Aggregation‐Induced Emission Photosensitizer with Organosilica Nanoparticles for Efficient Theranostics

Abstract Construction of versatile nanotemplate bearing inherent distinctive functions and prominent drug‐carrying capability is an appealing yet significantly challenging task. Here, inspired by the guiding role of surfactant in preparing nanoparticles, an amphiphilic aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer, namely MeOTTVP, is synthesized with attractive near‐infrared (NIR) emission and high‐performance reactive oxygen species production, and followed by dual‐templating‐assisted one‐pot method involving MeOTTVP as the skeleton to fabricate organosilica nanoparticles (AIE‐ONs). The presented AIE‐ONs perfectly inherit the functions of MeOTTVP, and are also capable of loading antibiotics and anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin can be assembled on AIE‐ONs and then capped with hyaluronic acid, endowing the resulting hybrid with NIR fluorescence imaging‐guided synergetic photodynamic/chemotherapy performance, thereby offering boosted anticancer efficacy and reduced side effects. Furthermore, by loading antibiotic rifampicin, the newly obtained AIE‐ONs integrating chemo‐photodynamic antibacterial functions provide broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity and fluorescence monitoring behavior. This study thus not only offers a promising strategy to fabricate NIR nanoparticles on a large scale, but also provides useful insights into designing an advanced theranostic protocol for treating both cancer and bacterial infections.