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Get Free AccessThe understanding of how antidepressant (AD) use is associated with brain structure in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains incomplete. We aimed to examine the association between AD medication use and brain morphology in relation to age and sex by pooling structural neuroimaging and clinical data from 32 cohorts within the ENIGMA-MDD working group. Interaction effects of group (2076 cases with current AD use (AD), 1495 cases not currently taking AD (nAD) and 5125 healthy controls (HC)) with age and sex, and main effects of group on regional brain structure (cortical surface area and thickness, and subcortical volume) were examined. Additionally, we examined the effect of AD type (SSRI, SNRI or mirtazapine) and duration of use on brain morphology. Younger individuals in the AD group showed lower bilateral middle temporal gyrus thickness compared to nAD and HC, but this was not seen in older individuals (crossover around 50 years). Lower hippocampal volume and thinner inferior temporal gyrus were shown in AD compared to nAD. These effects were independent of group differences in disease-course-related measures, but were driven by depressive symptom severity. Greater bilateral rostral anterior cingulate thickness was found in individuals older than approximately 40 years taking mirtazapine compared to individuals taking SSRIs or SNRIs. Evidence for subtle structural brain differences in temporal and limbic regions in individuals with MDD who currently use AD medication were found compared to those not currently taking AD medication. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causality of these associations.
Chaira Serrarens, Yara J. Toenders, Elena Pozzi, André Alemán, Nina Alexander, Zeynep Başgöze, V. Belov, Klaus Berger, Katharina Brosch, Robin Bülow, Geraldo F. Busatto, Liliana Capitão, Colm G. Connolly, Baptiste Couvy‐Duchesne, Kathryn R. Cullen, Udo Dannlowski, Christopher G. Davey, Greig I. de Zubicaray, Danai Dima, Katharina Dohm, Verena Enneking, Tracy Erwin-Grabner, Ulrika Evermann, Cynthia H.Y. Fu, Paola Fuentes‐Claramonte, Beata R. Godlewska, Ali Saffet Gönül, Ian H. Gotlib, Roberto Goya‐Maldonado, Hans J. Grabe, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dominik Grotegerd, Oliver Gruber, Tim Hahn, Geoffrey B. Hall, Ben J. Harrison, Walter Heindel, Marco Hermesdorf, Tiffany C. Ho, Naho Ichikawa, Eri Itai, Neda Jahanshad, Hamidreza Jamalabadi, Alec J. Jamieson, Andreas Jansen, Tilo Kircher, Bonnie Klimes‐Dougan, Bernd Krämer, Axel Krug, T. Lancaster, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Meng Li, David E.J. Linden, Frank P. MacMaster, Katie L. McMahon, Sarah E. Medland, David M. A. Mehler, Susanne Meinert, Benson Mwangi, Igor Nenadić, Go Okada, Yasumasa Okamoto, Nils Opel, Julia‐Katharina Pfarr, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Marı́a J. Portella, Ronny Redlich, Liesbeth Reneman, Jonathan Repple, Kai G. Ringwald, Elena Rodríguez‐Cano, Pedro G. P. Rosa, Matthew D. Sacchet, Philipp G. Sämann, Raymond Salvador, Anouk Schrantee, Hotaka Shinzato, Kang Sim, Egle Simulionyte, Jair C. Soares, Dan Joseph Stein, Frederike Stein, Benjamin Straube, Lachlan T. Strike, Florian Thomas‐Odenthal, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Marie‐José van Tol, Paula Usemann, Aslihan Uyar-Demir, Nic J.A. van der Wee, Steven van der Werff, Yolanda Vives‐Gilabert, Henry Völzke, Martin Walter, Sarah Whittle, Katharina Wittfeld, Adrian Wroblewski, Mon‐Ju Wu, Tony T. Yang (2025). Regional brain morphology and current antidepressant use: findings from 32 international cohorts from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group. , 30(12), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03310-8.
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Type
Article
Year
2025
Authors
100
Datasets
0
Total Files
0
Language
en
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-03310-8
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