Fractional Differential Equations with Impulsive Effects

This paper discusses impulsive effects on fractional differential equations. Two approaches are taken to obtain our results: either with fixed or changing lower limits in Caputo fractional derivatives. First, we derive an existence result for periodic solutions of fractional differential equations with periodically changing lower limits. Then, the impulsive effects are modeled for fractional differential equations regarding the nonlinearities rather than the initial value conditions. The proposed impulsive model differs from common discontinuous and nonsmooth dynamical systems.