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  5. Ecocardiografía avanzada y análisis de conglomerados para identificar fenogrupos de insuficiencia tricuspídea secundaria con diferente riesgo

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Article
es
2025

Ecocardiografía avanzada y análisis de conglomerados para identificar fenogrupos de insuficiencia tricuspídea secundaria con diferente riesgo

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es
2025
Vol 78 (10)
Vol. 78
DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2025.02.005

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Gianfranco Parati
Gianfranco Parati

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Luigi P. Badano
Marco Penso
Michele Tomaselli
+11 more

Abstract

La insuficiencia tricuspídea secundaria (ITS) significativa se asocia a un mal pronóstico, pero su heterogeneidad dificulta la predicción de los resultados de los pacientes. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar fenogrupos pronósticos de ITS. Se analizó a 758 pacientes con ITS moderada a grave: 558 (74 ± 14 años, 55% mujeres) en la cohorte de derivación y 200 (73 ± 12 años, 60% mujeres) en la cohorte de validación externa. El criterio de valoración principal fue una combinación de hospitalización por insuficiencia cardiaca y mortalidad por todas las causas. Se identificaron 3 fenogrupos. El fenogrupo de bajo riesgo (supervivencia libre de acontecimientos a 2 años 80%, IC95%, 74-87%) tenía ITS moderada, tamaño y función del ventrículo derecho (VD) conservados, y aurícula derecha moderadamente dilatada, pero con funcionamiento normal. El fenogrupo de riesgo intermedio (HR = 2,20; IC95%, 1,44-3,37; p < 0,001) incluyó a pacientes mayores con ITS grave y VD levemente dilatado pero desacoplado. El fenogrupo de riesgo alto (HR = 4,67; IC95%, 3,20-6,82; p < 0,001) incluyó a pacientes más jóvenes con insuficiencia tricuspídea masiva a torrencial, y el VD y la aurícula derecha gravemente dilatados y disfuncionales. El análisis multivariable confirmó que la agrupación se asoció de forma independiente con el criterio de valoración compuesto (HR = 1,40; IC95%, 1,13-1,70; p = 0,002). Un modelo de aprendizaje automático supervisado, desarrollado para ayudar a los médicos a asignar pacientes a los 3 fenogrupos, demostró un excelente desempeño tanto en la derivación (exactitud = 0,91, precisión = 0,91, recuerdo = 0,91 y puntuación F1 = 0,91) como en la cohorte de validación (exactitud = 0,80, precisión = 0,78, recuerdo = 0,78 y puntuación F1 = 0,77). El análisis de conglomerados no supervisado identificó 3 fenogrupos de riesgo, que podrían ayudar a los médicos a desarrollar estrategias de seguimiento y tratamiento más personalizadas para los pacientes con ITS. Significant secondary tricuspid regurgitation (STR) is associated with poor prognosis, but its heterogeneity makes predicting patient outcomes challenging. Our objective was to identify STR prognostic phenogroups. We analyzed 758 patients with moderate-to-severe STR: 558 (74 ± 14 years, 55% women) in the derivation cohort and 200 (73 ± 12 years, 60% women) in the external validation cohort. The primary endpoint was a composite of heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality. We identified 3 phenogroups. The low-risk phenogroup (2-year event-free survival 80%, 95% C I, 74%-87%) had moderate STR, preserved right ventricular (RV) size and function, and a moderately dilated but normally functioning right atrium. The intermediate-risk phenogroup (HR, 2.20; 95%CI, 1.44-3.37; P < .001) included older patients with severe STR, and a mildly dilated but uncoupled RV. The high-risk phenogroup (HR, 4.67; 95%CI, 3.20-6.82; P < .001) included younger patients with massive-to-torrential tricuspid regurgitation, as well as severely dilated and dysfunctional RV and right atrium. Multivariable analysis confirmed the clustering as independently associated with the composite endpoint (HR, 1.40; 95%CI, 1.13-1.70; P = .002). A supervised machine learning model, developed to assist clinicians in assigning patients to the 3 phenogroups, demonstrated excellent performance both in the derivation cohort (accuracy = 0.91, precision = 0.91, recall = 0.91, and F1 score = 0.91) and in the validation cohort (accuracy = 0.80, precision = 0.78, recall = 0.78, and F1 score = 0.77). The unsupervised cluster analysis identified 3 risk phenogroups, which could assist clinicians in developing more personalized treatment and follow-up strategies for STR patients.

How to cite this publication

Luigi P. Badano, Marco Penso, Michele Tomaselli, Kyu Kim, Alexandra Clement, Noela Radu, Geu‐Ru Hong, Diana-Ruxandra Hădăreanu, Arvydas Būta, Caterina Delcea, Samantha Fisicaro, Gianfranco Parati, Chi Young Shim, Denisa Muraru (2025). Ecocardiografía avanzada y análisis de conglomerados para identificar fenogrupos de insuficiencia tricuspídea secundaria con diferente riesgo. , 78(10), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2025.02.005.

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Publication Details

Type

Article

Year

2025

Authors

14

Datasets

0

Total Files

0

Language

es

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2025.02.005

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